Three-dimensional cardiac organoid formation accelerates the functional maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes

Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) offer a promising source for heart regeneration, disease modeling, and drug screening. Recent developments in organoid technology have made it possible to study how hiPSC-derived CMs interact together, this culture system mimics the tissue environment behavior of cardiac cells our body. However, similarities differences between conventional 2-dimensional (2D) 3-dimensional (3D) systems CM differentiation been incompletely elucidated. To individual microenvironment formed by each affects properties differentiated from hiPSCs, we conducted comparative 2D monolayer direct 3D (hiCO) hiPSCs throughout sequential stages. Although identical cues were applied strongly exhibited higher mesoderm commitment induction than differentiation. In late stage differentiation, hiCOs showed frequency mature myofibrillar isoform switching sarcomere structure was observed culture, although over 94% troponin T-positive resulted at end point both systems. Furthermore, accelerated structural maturation increased expression cardiac-specific ion channel genes Ca2+ transient properties, with high signal amplitude rapid contractility. The present provides details surrounding methods iPSCs, focuses on as an improved strategy approaching applying maturation.